Task 1: Analysis of the Organizational Structure of SendMyBag

Management is the life blood of any organization, without management no one can survive. Managers are essential for any organization, they manage the organization effectively. In this study, there will be a discussion regarding a company (Send my bag), which is in Northern Ireland and New York City.  This company is a luggage shipping company for travelers, students, sports,  business professionals, enthusiasts and, commoners or  holiday makers. Services of this company are affordable and they do door to door delivery, which is quite cheaper than the growing airline fee. Send my bag, is using the functional organizational structure, which is being headed up by the CEO and the founder of the company. CEO is the only one manages the thousands of  routes, and made cross border services over there and tracking of the products etc. The functional organizational structure is analysed in this study and shows both sides negatives and positives of this study. Modern management approaches and their application in Send my bag are also discussed here in this study. Management and the managers are important for every organization  because the manager takes charge to keep each and everything up to date. Manager maintains the management and keep the organization managed.

According to Rothfield (2014),  the organizational structure is a system that is used to indicate the flow of  communication within the organization. It shows the reporting relationship of the  working authorities at Send my bag. Of authority.  E.g.  in the functional structure  higher authorities like CEO gives commands to their managers and  superior- subordinate relationship is being followed. This relationship is the downward flow In Send my bag  organization “functional structure” is followed.  The functional organizational structure is a type of business structures,  which  segregates the organization into  specialized parts. These specializations are done on the basis of the area, e.g. marketing, HRM, IT and finance etc.

According to Hitt (2012), the  functional organizational structure known as the bureaucratic organizational structure, which divides the organizations on  the basis of the specialty or expertise. This segregation is like sales department, logistics department, marketing department, administration department, customer service department, etc. Send my bag is also having these segregated parts for the purpose of  growth and avoiding inefficiencies. According to hollenson (2014), analysis may lead to a reduction in the overhead costs and reduction in environmental waste, which  may improve overall productivity and employee satisfaction.  As every coin has their two sides, this structure is also having the negatives and the positive ones. The advantage is that, in this structure individuals involved are dedicated to only a single function,  roles and the expectations are clearly defined in this structure through which the organizational goal would be  achieved easily. The downside of this structure is that it’s bieng challenging in order to facilitate the strong communication among the various departments. At send my bag reporting relationships is clear because of the functional distributional or structure. 

The advantages of this functional organizational structure are: Staff and other departments are being managed by a person who is having an experience in their same specialty of that department, who can adequately understand their work. Staffers are having the opportunity in order to move up within functional areas.Staffers of the organization work with others as well in their field, this will allow for the sharing of knowledge in order to learn new skills. The functional structure, of the company (Send my bag) is having  negative  impacts as well-According to Hill et.al (2014), functional structure faces difficulties in order to, work with other functional areas. There is a perception regarding the competition that they are competing with other departments . So, the department of accounts may  get upset that their request is denied for an additional headcount, but the financial results of the company pointed that, they have a need for additional sales-people instead of accountants in the organization. This analysis of the organizational structure has its both
positive and the negative sides which are as follows:

1. Specialisation: this structure will ensure a division of labour according to the specialization, specialization causes to reduction in the cost and the wastage.
2. Increase in  efficiency-  when workers and  employess performs according to  their specialization Efficiency of workers is increased as the workers and other have to perform alimited number of operations .
3. Separation of functions- It will separate mental and physical functions. Separation causes better control because when specialization is there then work is limited. When work is limited then controll expands.
   Demerits
   1Confusion- Operations of the functional organizational structure is too complicated because the number of bosses are there to supervise. This will result in  overlapping of authority and overlapping causes  to confusion.
   2 Lack of coordination- Under this, the work is divided into parts and sub-parts. It poses difficulties in coordinating the functioning of different parts. Thus it is difficult to take quick decisions.
4. 3.  Conflict- there is absent of mutual agreement between the Supervisory staff orank  the same level. Therefore, thereare  conflicts which lead to non-performance.

Functional Organizational Structure

Management is an art of getting your work done through others voluntarily not by any sort of pressure. Management is pervasive in nature, it is applicable in every fileld wheather hospital, schools, restaurent, and  the offices etc.  According to Harris and Coffer, (2013) Modern management theories eventually focus on the development of every factor for the workers and the organization. This theory refers to the accentuation of the use of systematic mathematical techniques. Modern management approaches are followed now a days because  everyone needs financial rewards and something . eg. Financial rewards  are sometimes not that sufficient as nonfinancial rewards. These non-financial rewards are co  workers and respect for coworkers, affection is also an  important factor. Modern management theories are also applied in the company “Send my bag” as the  hierarchy of  fixed management and employee motivation etc. “ Send My Bag” is concentrating on the approach of “skills of the managers” because skill implementation is the basic need of any organization  in order to achieve the goals of the organization.

Skills of the managers – Skills for Managers  and the hierarchy of managers in the Organization  requires four kinds of skills: technical, conceptual, design and human skill. Technical skill, which  includes knowledge, practice and  expertise in any goings-on which involves tactics,  processes and tricks . Thus, working with tools and techniques are involved in it. According to Sassy and  Valentino (2015), when it comes to the Human skill, it includes the proficiency to work with  human resources or staffers; as cooperative effort, motivation, coordination, teamwork,  the creation of an environment, in which human resource feels  comfortable,  secure, open and free in order to express their opinions.

 Conceptual skill is basically the ability in order to serve “big picture” in the organization. Recognizing significant elements has included in it and understanding of the relationships among the existing elements. Next one the Design skill is basically the ability which solves problems in the way that ultimately provide benefit to the enterprises. Effectiveness at each level and particularly at the upper level of the organization, managers should have the ability to scan the full. Additionally, the manager should possess the skill of an engineer of good designs in order to work on any practical solution to any problem. Managers should also have the valuable skill that he or she should be able to design any workable solution for the problem of realities that they face. The importance of these skills is different in various levels of every organization hierarchy. For  the purposes of expansion of the business,  technical skills are  important  in the  supervisory and middle level -management, human skills in  frequent and free  interactions with  lower authorities or subordinates at every level, conceptual skills not critical for lower-level supervisors but gain in importance in the middle-management level. The higher  level of  management requires human skills, conceptual and design abilities are especially valuable. There is less or relatively little need for technical abilities. This assumption is especially for large companies like Send my bag.

According to Yuan (2013), strategic management objectives refer to the goals which deemed to be the most important for  the current and the future health of any business.  Strategic Objectives are prioritized by Send my bag through an analysis of the business practices,  which includes the PESTEL analysis. The PESTEL  basically meant to  political  economical, social, technical, environmental and the legal factors of the business. Priorities of the strategic objectives are unique for every business. The  PESTEL analysis framework helps in order to achieve the strategic objectives of the organization. Some of the strategic objectives are discussed as follows: 

Analysis of Functional Organizational Structure

According to Boalman and Deal (2017), from the point of view of growth, send my bag needs to increase the share of the market. Marketing plans initially start with the overall business plan.  The plans related to the market, which  basically addresses  the way of defining  any product or service which they are offerings, analysis of competition, researching target markets and then  the strategical pricing and the promotion of the company offering. This increment is having the positive and the negative point of view as well. The PESTEL framework is used for achieving strategic objectives, this  framework will help in identifying and  the future changes in these factors. The PESTEL factors affects business at the large extent, when these factors has been assumed and identified, will help in achieving  strategic objectives.   e.g. When these tactics have been applied  some time bargaining power of the buyers and suppliers fluctuates and cause to fluctuation in the market. Political changes causes to the increase and decrease in  taxation, which ultimately effects the business and their policies.

When any organization grows eventually backup by the availability of the capital resources in the country. According to Evans (2012), if any company is having the strong resources and the financial position, then it will conceivably come from the cash reserves of the company.  The objective of the company is to strengthen and to increase the  financial resources and improve the financial position of the company. According to the PESTEL analysis model , in order to strengthen the financial resources of the business,  each factor should be controlled and there should be a backup plan for each and every future fluctuation. If these fluctuations has been controlled  then,  every objective of the organization  achieved.  PESTEL factors helps in order to  strengthen resources, these factors affects the organization as following

1. Political factors: As  political factorschanges for e.g. as the tax rates or the policies fluctuate then these fluctuation causes to the strengthen of the financial resources. Financial resources because of the increase or decrease in the prices because of the changes in the tax rates depends upon the situation.
2. Technical factors: As the technology upgraded then the chances of growth will increase and work load of workers reduces.Technical updation causes to the increase in opportunities, which ultimately leads to strengthen of resources because of saving in time and reduction in the costs
3. Economical factors: economical factors impacts the condition of the organization by their fluctuations, economical  factors should remain stable, little change in these factors causes to the big change in the organizational structure and the strategic management objectives.
4. Legal factor: legal factors  are legal laws and the ammedments which deeply impacts the organizational objectives and the strategic objectives of the organization.

Strengths	Weaknesses
1. Improvement in performance 2. Fastes delivery service 3. Low cost services 4. Dynamic services	1.Product range is sufficient for the target audience 2. a particular market and the confined audience
Opportunities	Threats
1.Increase the target audience        2. Increase in benefits and the turnover        3. fuller utilization of resources	1. Consumers are becoming more conscious regarding the quality 2. Availabilityb of  Subsitutes are the main threats.

Conclusion

From this study it has been established that, Send my bag follows the functional organizational structure. This structure is being followed in order to communicate within the organization or can say this is the hierarchy of the flow of communication in the organization. This structure is having its own positive and the negative sides. The modern management approach of self-management is used here at Send my bag. Send my bag also has  strategic management and their objectives are to increase the market share, innovation, productivity and  physical resources. From this study it has been recommended that the Send My Bag should clearify the reporting relations to the employees. Clear relationship will cause  better working conditions with lots of understanding. Subordinates should know where to repot and about their rol3es and responsibilities. 

References

Bolman, L.G. and Deal, T.E., 2017. Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.

Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014. International business. Pearson Australia.s

Evans, N., Stonehouse, G. and Campbell, D., 2012. Strategic management for travel and tourism. Taylor & Francis.

Harris, F. and McCaffer, R., 2013. Modern construction management. John Wiley & Sons.

c, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014. Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning.

Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012. Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning.

c, S., 2015. Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education.

Kiddee, P., Naidu, R. and Wong, M.H., 2013. Electronic waste management approaches: An overview. Waste Management, 33(5), pp.1237-1250.

March, J.G. ed., 2013. Handbook of Organizations (RLE: Organizations) (Vol. 20). Routledge.

Rothfield, L.I. ed., 2014. Structure and function of biological membranes. Academic Press.

Sassi, S., Valentino SPA, 2015. Bag. U.S. Patent D734,025.

Yuan, H., 2013. A SWOT analysis of successful construction waste management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 39, pp.1-8.