Summary of the articles taken

Internet of Things is basically a paradigm that is based on self-configuring and intelligent things interconnected with a dynamic and a global structure of network. The internet of things (IoT) requires most changing technologies that makes persuasive and ubiquitous computing scene. The IoT is a real world technology, and generally refers to limited storage and processing ability. The IoT technology also solves the problems of reliability, security, privacy, and performance (Lee and Lee 2015). With the IoT technology, the cloud computing is also considered to be the most important technology to increase the working ability of technologies. Cloud computing has a limited capacity of processing power and storage that has more advanced technology to solve the problems of IoTs up to a great level. The IoT and the cloud computing are technologies that are complementary to each other and when both the technologies are merged together, is known as Cloud-IoT (Wang and Ranjan 2015). The Cloud-IoT is a new paradigm for the new technological world and can change the current status of the world as well as the future of the world.

The cloud computing with the Internet of Things are very different technologies and when they are merged with one another can create a new innovation of technology. Usage of both the technologies are very important in daily life (Chang, Srirama and Buyya 2017). The adoption and usage of Cloud and IoT is becoming more and more spreading making the components important in the future internet. The Cloud-IoT is a disruptive and an enabler that has large amount of application scenarios.

This paper highlights all the factors of Cloud Computing with the IoT in the technological era. The cloud computing is one of the most important innovation of technology that is involved with the modern technologies. The Internet of Things involves technologies that are used in daily life. After combining or integrating the technologies of cloud computing and the Internet of Things, the technology is taken to a higher level. There are many articles that are related with cloud computing and Internet of Things showing a summary of each article stating what the article is stating, the problem the article addresses, and how the articles address all those problems. There are also challenges that are faced by the cloud computing and the IoT, along with the future works of Cloud-IoT. This report also contains a business case study of DTGOV, which provides cloud services to many companies.

From the article Botta et al. (2016) the combination of Internet of Things and Cloud Computing is considered to be a big step to represent the modern technology in future. The combination of both the technologies that includes Internet of Things and Cloud Computing is commonly known as Cloud-IoT. The Cloud-IoT helps to create new direction for research and businesses.

According to Atlam et al. (2017) the Internet of Things and the cloud computing is increasing the ubiquitous service of cloud computing that requires very high volume for storing the data and also processing the capabilities. The Internet of Things has some limited capabilities that are related with the processing of storage and power. There are also consequential issues that are involved with issues of IoT that involves security, performance, reliability, and privacy. In this article, all such techniques after implementing the cloud structure into IoT system that helps to overcome the challenges of faced in IoT system.

In this paper, Sivakumar, Anuratha and Gunasekaran (2017) explained the Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things are compared by different authors in different ways. The devices of IoT can perform the tasks more efficiently with the use of cloud services involved in them. The data storing process and the data analytical process is a very effective and a powerful process of using cloud technologies in the IoT systems. Making these compact models leads to leads to security factors of the models and decreases the performance level as well. This paper deals with all these technologies, parameters, and other algorithms that are used in ten different application with IoT combination with cloud technologies. The models that are involved with IoT and the cloud computing can be studied from this paper. The main motivation of this paper is carrying out a survey that provides a detailed study of cloud computing and the Internet of Things with respect to applications, challenges involved in IoT and issues involved with the systems.

In the article Khan and Sawant (2016) stated that the IoT is basically an abstract idea, which visualizes all the objects that are present around the world of internet. This paper deals with the scope of IoT in a wide range and includes sensing, networking, and sensing of devices deployed, which has high growing potential on a large scale in future. As dealing with the IoT devices and the cloud computing devices, the processing, communication capabilities, and the processing of an individual IoT system are limited. The assistance of from the current cloud computing technology helps to release the stress of the IoT devices, reduces the consumption of energy, and also increases the battery life of the IoT device. The paper defines cloud computing as a model that is on demand for accessing a shared pool for configuring the resources provisioned as IaaS infrastructure, application and software (SaaS). The integration of cloud computing along with IoT is a sensor network that provides cloud storage as well as computational resources for the IoT users.

According to Premsankar, Di Francesco and Taleb (2018) the Internet of Things and Cloud Computing is different from each other. The theories and the technologies that are related to Internet of Things and cloud computing has become very common to everyday life. The implementation and the use that are expected from the technologies of IoT and Cloud Computing makes the system tireless, that is considered to be the future of cloud computing. A combination of IoT and the cloud computing is considered to be promising in the scenarios of the real world. In this modernization, all the things that are used by common people needs to be connected including the washing machines, refrigerator, oven, and vehicle and all the systems are to be connected with the server on the cloud. The cloud server needs to communicate with the device to gather the information about the information. So, the cloud servers process and gathers all the information for machines or devices with the help of IoT. This paper states that the Cloud and the Internet of Things are actually different form each other.

In this paper, according to Díaz, Martín, and Rubio (2016) the main focus is on the study of applications by the implementation of Cloud computing that are based on the Internet of Things. The combined forms that is derived of both the technologies is known as Cloud-IoT paradigm. There are various implementation of both the technologies and there are many applications that are related with the system of Cloud-IoT. This paper also deals about how to modify the method of Cloud-IoT in three aspects that includes the solution for optimization and scattering, more depth research on the mathematical analysis of the proposed methods. This paper also involves some of the noteworthy systems that were found during the research period of this paper.

Aazam et al. (2014) research paper provides a detailed study and implementation of devices that are included in Cloud Computing and IoT. Taking the exploration related with the cloud computing and IoT, many real world problems are stated that deals about how the cloud computing is implemented on the IoT devices. There is an up to date device structure of the Cloud-IoT in this paper that focus on some particular challenges related to the research (Xu, Qu and Yang 2016). This research paper also deals with different kinds of challenges that theCloud-IoT will face with the future area of cloud computing that is considered to be lead among all the technologies in future.

The last paper written by Li, Da Xu and Zhao (2015) states that is taken while studying about cloud computing and IoT discuss much about expanding the systems of IoT and the integration of such device with that of the cloud computing. This makes the device or the system more enhanced or are more useful for providing service to user and makes efficient resource utilization (Singh et al. 2016). There are some challenges that are faced by the integration process of the cloud computing and the Internet of Things devices, all such challenges and drawbacks are discussed in details in this paper. There are more study in this paper that involves the impact of all the issues that are used in keeping a close look on the type of IoT and the service that all the devices will provide in the future. Some of the IoT devices generates data that may include special data storage system and are very high cost (Botta et al. 2014).  This reaserch paper explains those IoT devices and doable to cut down the cost of using such IoT devices. This paper suggests either to stop those IoT devices to upload the data or not to consume the resources of the cloud network for data storage. The IoT devices are also used in efficient utilization of power resource (Kumarage et al. 2015). There must be a gateway between the cloud and the Internet of Things that is used for connection should have different functionalities for processing it on the Internet and then pass it on to the cloud. There should be feedback form of application, which helps the gateway to decide the development type and the timings of the application. This is considered to be a future work of Cloud-IoT.

The challenges that are faced by the users and the companies to get the security of and privacy for the integration of cloud computing and the Internet of Things are stated as follows:

1. Security and the privacy- The Internet of Things that are cloud based enables to transfer the data from real world to a cloud (Henze et al., 2016). However, the most common issues that has not been resolved with the Cloud-IoT is that how cloud IoT provides appropriate authorization of policies and rules to ensure that only the valid user or an authorized user can access the data from the cloud. This security issue comes with preserving the data privacy of the user and data integrity is also not guaranteed (Kumarage et al. 2016). There are also many other new challenges that needs to be given attention as distributed systems are basically exposed to many possible attacks that involves SQL Injections, crosstie scripting, session riding and side channel. Also, the vulnerability of hijacking the session is also a problem for the Cloud-IoT.
2. Heterogeneity- The devices that are related with Cloud-IoT faces heterogeneity related to device, operating systems, services, and platforms that are used for new applications. Cloud mainly suffers from heterogeneity, which allows resource integration that is based on the service providers (Kantarci and Mouftah 2014). The heterogeneity issue can be exacerbated by using multi cloud approaches and multiple cloud providers to improve the resilience and performance of the Cloud-IoT.
3. Big Data- It is expected that the big data will reach to almost 50 billion IoT devices by the end of 2020. With the increase of data, it is more important to give attention to the transportation of data, storage of data, processing of data, and also accessing of data that will be produced in coming years (Babu, Lakshmi and Rao 2015). From the recent technological developments, the cloud service is considered to be one of the main source of storage data for long period of time. Also to handle huge amount of data is a big problem, and the performance of the application mainly depends on the management of data. So, there must be a good data management service that will allow the cloud service of the Cloud IoT to maintain its data properly.
4. Performance- Transferring very high amount of data that are created in the IoT-Cloud device basically requires high rate of bandwidth (Tao et al., 2014). Therefore, there always remains an issue of getting a good network performance for data transferring to the cloud environments. The data provisions or the services are to be achieved to get a high rate of reactivity.

It can be said that the Internet of Things combined with the bid data cloud is much valuable in the near future. Platforms of IoT cloud also incorporate time series of database that will be very useful in future.

The current history trends of integration of cloud computing with that of Internet of Things lead to many factors. The factors that are involved with current trend in history of Cloud-IoT are as follows.

1. Exponential growth of the solutions for cloud service- The cloud service is made easy, flexible and attractive for the customers with the help of Software as a Service, common known as SaaS (Islam et al. 2015 ). Also the infrastructure and growth of IaaS and PaaS has made the solutions of cloud is made available with the private as well as public sectors. By the end of 2018, it is expected to see a more number of businesses to take the advantage of the cloud service for a high performance result that is offered by the cloud and IoT.
2. Increase the storage space capacity for the Cloud-IoT – A there is an increased tae of using cloud services in the businesses and organizations, it is expected that the storage capacity of the cloud will also increase with the increasing the coming years (Aazam and Huh 2014). The service providers will establish more data centers recently to increase the storage capacity.

The case study taken in this report is the case study of DTGOV. The DTGOV provides their customer with a cloud based storage device on an interface of object storage. The cloud service that is related to this API generally offers some basic functions on the stored objects that includes create, search, update and delete (Want, Schilit and Jenson 2015). The API that includes search function uses a hierarchy of object management that refers to a file system. The DTGOV company provides also offers cloud service, which is used along with virtual servers. This enables to create a device of cloud storage through interface network of block storage. Both of the cloud service has API that is attached with SNIA’s CDMI v1.0.

There is an underlying system of storage for the cloud storage that is object based. Object based cloud storage has different storage capacity that controls a software component directly that are exposed with the interface. The object based software enables to create a device of cloud storage that is isolated with allocation to the customers of cloud. There is also security management system with the storage system of the cloud so that the user-based control can be accessed with the data objects of the devices.

To create the block-based cloud storage device for the cloud consumer, the device is managed by a virtualization platform that instantiates the implementation of LUN on the virtual storage. The LUN storage or the cloud storage must be assigned with the VIM storage to a virtual server that is existing before using the LUN Storage system. The total capacity of cloud storage that is block-based is basically expressed in one GB increments (Cubo, Nieto and Pimentel 2014). This can be done by creating a fixed storage that the cloud consumers can do modification or the variable size of the storage system can be increased or decreased accordingly with the demand of usage of the user.

Conclusion

The cloud computing that is used in modern technologies deals with a new paradigm in the computing world, but only to depend on the cloud storage or the memory devices are not good at all. Along with the cloud computing, there is also use of servers that are used by various server providers. The server provider takes full advantage of this through Internet. Cloud computing is considered to be an unlimited storage of capacity and processing power that is much mature than any other technologies for solving the problems that are related with the internet of things. While IoT (Internet of Things) is basically a system that is related with the computing devices, digital machines, humans , mechanical machines, or objects that has unique identities and also has the ability to transfer and process the data without repairing the humans to human interactions or the Human to Machine interactions. The device sin the real world is basically considered to be the Internet of Things and the devices has limited storage as well as processing ability.

Both the world of IoT and the Cloud together has bought a new innovation in the history of technology. By integration the IoT with the cloud has unlimited capabilities virtually and the resources of the cloud so that they can compensate with the technological constraints such as storage processing. The cloud can also comprehend with an effective solution so that to implement the services of IoT services and the applications, which exploits the data produced by the cloud. The cloud can benefit from the Internet of Things by widening the scope of dealing the challenges of the real world with more dynamic and a distributed way in delivering the new services in real life scenarios. So, the paradigm of cloud and the Internet o Things are considered to make numerous as well as promising applications in real world scenarios. The combination of both the technologies is known as Cloud-IoT, which is a new system for cloud computing and IoT.

This report consists of all such papers that describes the concept of integration of cloud service with that of the Internet of Things devices. The challenges that are faced by the users while using this Cloud-IoT device are also described clearly with the recent trends of the technology

References 

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