Background of the Case Study Organization

Discuss About The International Computer Assisted Radiology.

In this report, it is about 3D Printing technology and it numerous uses especially in the manufacturing (Calì, CalianAmati, Kleinberger, Steed, Kautz & Weyrich, 2012). The reports aim to investigate on this technology and the type of applications which uses 3D Printing technology with the prospect to decide if the technology could be efficient and an effective way to expand the business for organization in this case study.

The organization for this case study is an ICT medium sized manufacturing which was stated ten years ago which is based in the industrial suburb of Melbourne  in Victoria (Calì, CalianAmati, Kleinberger, Steed, Kautz & Weyrich, 2012). The organization has retail and corporate client as well as numerous retail branches which are within Victoria. The organization is involved in the manufacture of the computers as well as the printers for the businesses which are within Victoria. The organization of recent wants to explore on the options to expand on their business to the coming 5 years to some of the other states in Australia as well as to Oceania region and expand to their online activities.

The objective of this research is to investigate on the prospect to decide if 3D Printing Technology could be efficient as well as effective means of expanding the business in this case study (Calì, CalianAmati, Kleinberger, Steed, Kautz & Weyrich, 2012). The aim is to assist the organization to decide on the best 3D Printing Technology to decide on the best technology that would be efficient to this business.

The organization has started to migrate into the online business operations and they want to expand their business to the other region in Australia the issue they want to address is to expand without the need to create large amount of infrastructure to the other locations both in Australia and Oceania regions (Campbell, Williams, Ivanova & Garrett, 2011). As they do so they want to address the issue of security, authentication as well as other technological issues which they could encounter as they expand. As the Head of the ICT in this organization the task is to explore on this technology and the types of the application which uses 3D Printing Technology which has been a disruptive technology since it has grown astronomically and it has potential to change on the way business is carried out (Campbell, Williams, Ivanova & Garrett, 2011)..

Research Objective

The research method that has been selected for this project is the secondary research. The selection to use this kind of research derives from the analysis of the best resources of the data and reliability which are available today in addition to accessible (Gross, Erkal, Lockwood, Chen & Spence, 2014). The primary research was not selected given it could not be viable to this research because of the specialist contemporary nature of this research topic (Gross, Erkal, Lockwood, Chen & Spence, 2014). 3D Printing is present which is coming up to the worldwide industry. The primary data gathering in the field could be unlikely to yield any specific plausible data would be cursory value to the research.

In this report it would highlights the brief description of the organization which is in the case scenario, the report would also describe on the problems the organization has encountered, on the body it would highlights on the ideas on the topic and discuss on the issues from the global perspective and local perspective in regards to this technology (Campbell, Williams, Ivanova & Garrett, 2011). At the end it would relate the findings which are based on the research and the analysis. Discuss on the significance of the finding which would address on the problem which are stated in the case scenario (Gross, Erkal, Lockwood, Chen & Spence, 2014).  . There would be also recommendations which are based on the finding and proposed solution would be discussed.

3D printing is formulated term employed for the addictive manufacturing that makes usage of the printing technology to generate 3D objects from group up (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). This type of the manufacturing has numerous positive aspects over the traditional techniques that have been common place since the beginning of the human history.
The manufacturing process led to the colossal amount of the waste materials and bi-products to attain completion of the product (Miko?ajewska, Macko, Ziarnecki, Sta?czak, Kawalec & Miko?ajewski, 2014). This requires a rethinking of exactly how we manufacture goods for us to advance to be a modern society, increase efficiency in the materials and process energy. 3D printing generally covers these problems effectively and efficiently and could utilize to almost all the forms of the manufacture which use long established and currently outdated strategies (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). The strategy of 3D printing is straight forward in basic form and may be highly complex at the other end of spectrum.

Research Methodology

3D Printing Technology has been used in manufacturing application in the following ways;

Addictive manufacturing in combination to the cloud computing technologies helps decentralized and geographically independent production (Campbell, Williams, Ivanova & Garrett, 2011). The cloud based addictive manufacturing usually refers to the service oriented networked manufacturing models that the clients can easily build parts via the infrastructure. Some organization in Australia provides on-line printing services to both the commercial and private clients.

Food

Addictive manufacturing of food continues to be developed via squeezing out food, layer by layer into 3 dimensional objects (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). Numerous varieties of the foods are appropriate candidates to use this technology such as chocolate and candy.

There are surgical uses of 3D printing which has focused on centric therapies which has been developed with the anatomical modeling for the bony reconstructive surgery planning (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). Some of the areas are on

Bio-printing

According to researchers at Cornell University they had published some of pioneer work when it comes to 3D printing for the tissue fabrication, and the successful printing of the hydrogel bio-links (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). The work at Cornell was expanded through use of the specialized bio-printers which was produced by Seraph Robotics, Inc, which is a university spin-out who helped in the catalyzes of the global interest to the biomedical 3D printing research.

Pills

The initial pills were manufactured by 3D printing that was authorized by FDA in 2015 (Petrick & Simpson, 2013). Binder-jetting to the powder bed of drug that permits porous pills to be produced that enables high drug doses in solitary pills that dissolves rapid and might be swallowed easily.

Construction

The usage of 3D printing is employed in creating scale models which are within architecture and construction that has progressively increased in popularity to the cost of 3D printers which has reduced (Rengier, Mehndiratta, Tengg-Kobligk, Zechmann , Unterhinninghofen, Kauczor & Giesel, 2010). This has allowed much quicker turnaround of scale models and enabled improve to the speed of production and complexity to the objects which is generated.

Computers and robots

 3D printing has been utilized in making laptops as well as other computers and cases. For examples, Novena and VIA OpenBook standard laptop cases. A case is when a Novena motherboard that may be bought and be utilized to the printed VIA OpenBook case (Schubert, Langeveld & Donoso, 2014). Open source robots usually are built via use of 3D printers. Double Robotics might grant accessibility to technology.

Discussion on the Applications of 3D Printing Technology

In this organization they could use 3D printing technology based application to expand on their business in different ways. These applications are as follows;

The organization could use this application to make computers and the laptops. They need to develop standardization modeling tools because of the legacy design tools which are built with the use of the 3D printing techniques in mind (Shirazi, Gharehkhani, Mehrali, Yarmand, Metselaar, Kadri & Osman, 2015). The use of 3D printing application would help them to become more viable for more products as well as services. It would become a quick default method to produce prosthetics as well as other customized computer devices. With the consumer products in mind, 3D printing would enable them to custom shapes, sizes as well as colors from the personalized sets for the products. there would be a high precision printers which would increase on the commercial viability to the new products as well as create new markets through solving complicated engineering challenges which they would likely encounter in the manufacturing.

The organization might use the application to get into the food production as they expand in the next five years. They might opt to diversify their services to the food production in Australia and Oceania region (Rayna & Striukova, 2016). They could produce product such as meat which would be sold to the increased population in the region. Food production involves aspects on food hygiene, processes and food chemistry.  The main method which would be used to produce the food is on the 3DP where there is done through layer by layer or regarded as the fusion modeling  which entails specificity of the raw materials to produce finished products (Rayna & Striukova, 2016). Today most of the 3D printers which are used in the process of producing the food are usually presented either in experimental or conceptual models and has been often used in the commercially available devices. It is likely there would be a progress to the 3D models used in the food industry which will entails more development to the currently existing principles as well as technologies (Rayna & Striukova, 2016). Moreover, there would be creation along with the development of new ideas which are researched by innovators. Thus, it is important for this organization to take advantage of this technology and venture in the food production.

As part of their expansion the organization might wish to expand to on application of bio-printing (Rayna & Striukova, 2016). The use of 3D technology could be used in bio-printing especially in the tissues as well as organs. 3D printing technology has been used in medicine in bio-printing (Leukers, Gülkan, Irsen, Milz, Tille, Schieker & Seitz, 2005). The technology has been utilized in the pharmaceutical fabrication and research. The complex process of manufacturing are usually standardized through use of 3D printing to make them simpler and more viable (Leigh, Bradley, Purssell, Billson & Hutchins, 2012).  This application seems to be promising since it is transformative and suitable. The technology has been adopted to the production of the personalized medicine dosages as well as development of the unique drugs forms (Leigh, Bradley, Purssell, Billson & Hutchins, 2012). It has been utilized in development to more reliable medical devices which is part of the customized as well as personalized treatment. In this case study organization as part of their strategic planning to expand with the use of the 3D printing technology they could think of venturing in this field in numerous regions within Australia.

Recommendations

3D printing technology helps quick production with high range of the prototypes or small-scale version to the real object in less time (Leigh, Bradley, Purssell, Billson & Hutchins, 2012). This technology has enabled designers develop their prototypes for almost any kind of design flaws that might impact the quality of product.
Affordability
The initial cost to set up 3D printing facility is high. Nonetheless, it is less expensive compared to the labor costs and manufacturing costs while utilizing a conventional way (Sun, Wei, Ahn, Seo, Dillon & Lewis, 2013). Thus, cost to produce or manufacture products uses 3D printing technology that is comparable to small scale and mass manufacturing.
Storage
Traditional manufacturing usually produces additional products which one might know they would eventually need storage issues which may arise (Sun, Wei, Ahn, Seo, Dillon & Lewis, 2013). Nonetheless, 3D printing technology, products might be printed when they required hence excess products are eliminated and there is certainly storage cost which is required.
Employment opportunities
widespread usage of 3D printing technology would certainly increase on the demand for the engineers who required designing and building these printers (Sun, Wei, Ahn, Seo, Dillon & Lewis, 2013). The technicians who are much skilled at troubleshooting, maintenance and the designers to design on the blueprints for the products and more jobs would be created.

 The deadline the manufacturing employment has greatly influenced on the economy of nations which relies mostly on the large number of the low skilled jobs (Ventola, 2014).
Limited size
The sizes of the objects that are created with the use of 3D printers are presently limited (Ventola , 2014). Nevertheless, in the future large items for instance architectural structures might be created through use of the 3D printing.
Limited raw materials
Traditional manufacturing of the products has had enormous range to the raw materials that can be utilized (Ventola , 2014). Currently 3D printers might work up to one hundred different raw materials and materials together with creation of the products which utilizes more raw materials which are under the development.

This is one of the biggest disadvantages which is associated to 3D printing whereby there is increase in Counterfeiting (Ventola, 2014). Any individual who could get hold of the blueprint would be able to counterfeit on the products much easily. It would become more common as well as tracing the resources to counterfeit on the items which would be nearly too impossible (Ventola, 2014). Many of the copyrights holders who have hard time when it comes to protecting their rights as well as businesses and producing unique products could suffer greatly (Ventola, 2014).

Conclusion

There would be more organization and individuals who would utilize 3D printers that will bring out legal and ethical aspects (Ventola, 2014). Through the aspect of accessibility individuals will be able to print anything which they would want. In case an organization has a patent of the copyrights to a particular object which is useful to the community they might refuse to pay for that object and instead print it (Ventola, 2014). This could at great aspect contravenes to the patent laws and infringe on the right of the organization to reaping on the benefits from the creation to the product. On the ethical aspect 3D printing could be utilized to produce dangerous items which are hazardous to individuals such as guns, plastic knives (Willis, Brockmeyer, Hudson & Poupyrev, 2012). It could make it easier for the terrorists as well as the criminals who bring on these weapons without being detected.

Conclusion

From the research there are various recommendations which could be made to this organization. on the first thing, the organization could consider production of the products that are not expensive to the client to acquire, such as producing laptops and computers that are low costs to the end users. In Australia, the use of 3D printing Technology has been embraced to a great extent therefore, the organization through the research and development they need to adopt on the technology.

They need to patent on the products which they produce so that there would be no violation of the copyrights issues since usage of 3D printing technology there is a lot of counterfeiting of the products produced.

In this report it has discussed on the definition of the 3D Printing Technology which is up to developments in the field. The report has investigated on 3D printing Technology as well as types of the applications which are uses this technology. The research has identified on the advantages and disadvantage of 3D Printing Technology and recommendation has been provided to this case study organization.

References

Calì, J., Calian, D. A., Amati, C., Kleinberger, R., Steed, A., Kautz, J., & Weyrich, T. (20123D-printing of non-assembly, articulated models. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG),  31(6), 1

Campbell, T., Williams, C., Ivanova, O., & Garrett, B. (2011). Could 3D printing change thworld. Technologies, Potential, and Implications of Additive Manufacturing, Atlantic  Council, Washington, DC.

Gross, B. C., Erkal, J. L., Lockwood, S. Y., Chen, C., & Spence, D. M. (2014). Evaluation of 3Dprinting and its potential impact on biotechnology and the chemical sciences.

Leigh, S. J., Bradley, R. J., Purssell, C. P., Billson, D. R., & Hutchins, D. A. (2012). A simple, low-cost conductive composite material for 3D printing of electronic sensors. PloS one,   7(11), e49365.

Leukers, B., Gülkan, H., Irsen, S. H., Milz, S., Tille, C., Schieker, M., & Seitz, H. (2005). Hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering made by 3D printing. Journal of  Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 16(12), 1121-1124.

Miko?ajewska, E., Macko, M., Ziarnecki, ?., Sta?czak, S., Kawalec, P., & Miko?ajewski, D.  (2014). 3D printing technologies in rehabilitation engineering

Petrick, I. J., & Simpson, T. W. (2013). 3D printing disrupts manufacturing: how economies ofone create new rules of competition. Research-Technology Management, 56(6), 12-16.

Rayna, T., & Striukova, L. (2016). From rapid prototyping to home fabrication: How 3D printis changing business model innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social    Change, 102, 214-224.

Rengier, F., Mehndiratta, A., Von Tengg-Kobligk, H., Zechmann, C. M., Unterhinninghofen, R., Kauczor, H. U., & Giesel, F. L. (2010). 3D printing based on imaging data: review of           medical applications. International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, 5(4), 335-341.

Schubert, C., Van Langeveld, M. C., & Donoso, L. A. (2014). Innovations in 3D printing: a 3D   overview from optics to organs. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 98(2), 159-161.

Shirazi, S. F. S., Gharehkhani, S., Mehrali, M., Yarmand, H., Metselaar, H. S. C., Kadri, N.A., & Osman, N. A. A. (2015). A review on powder-based additive manufacturing for          tissue engineering: selective laser sintering and inkjet

Sun, K., Wei, T. S., Ahn, B. Y., Seo, J. Y., Dillon, S. J., & Lewis, J. A. (2013). 3D printing ofinterdigitated Li?Ion microbattery architectures. Advanced materials, 25(33), 4539-4543.

Ventola, C. L. (2014). Medical applications for 3D printing: current and projected uses. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 39(10), 704.

Willis, K., Brockmeyer, E., Hudson, S., & Poupyrev, I. (2012, October). Printed optics: 3D  printing of embedded optical elements for interactive devices. In Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (pp. 589-598). ACM.