Symptoms of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment

Dementia is turning out to be a serious issue for the paged people around Australia.  Dementia can be tracked through the symptoms like neurodegenerative disease and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, dementia can be identified by the combined symptoms of both neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease. The impairment of the cognition increases the risks of dementia (6). Ginkgo Biloba is one of the oldest trees of the planet that is applicable for dementia treatment. EGb761 is extracted from Gingko Biloba that is contained around 25% of glycosides, 6% of lactones and 5 ppm of ginkgolic acid which are required to develop the herbal; products through which dementia can be treated properly. The ginkgolic acid generally mitigates the risks regarding cognitive impairment and evaluates all the characters of dementia. The study will attempt to focus on the efficiency of the Ginkgo biloba tree to mitigate the risks regarding dementia or cognitive decline (4).  The study will briefly discuss the relativity of cognitive with dementia and the effects of cognitive impairment and decline on the dementia patients. The daily living activities are deeply related with the cognitive impairment where a healthy lifestyle nullifies the risks of dementia. the behavioral symptoms of dementia will be discussed followed by the importance of quality of life for dementia treatment will be discussed. The overuse or improper use of ginkgo biloba has a severe side effect that flourishes the risks of dementia. Ginkgo biloba has neuroprotective properties that lower the risks of neurodegenerative syndromes. Moreover, it has the efficiency to reduce the Aβ toxicity and by improving the mitochondrial functions. Thus, these explorations of this chapter will be summarized in the concluding part of the study that will outline a recommendation for the further improvement (1).  

According to the traditional beliefs, it is said that the extract of the Maiden Hair tree that is the Ginkgo Bilbao plant is very much essential in curing the disease of the cognitive domain. The cognitive domain is the domain which enables human beings to function their brain in a proper way. Due to cognitive impairment or dementia, some problems occur in the cognitive domain. According to the researchers, the effects of Gingko Biloba were assessed in the rating scale. The Meta-analysis of cognition included data from the different clinical trials of research. The researchers have performed different kind of test like expanded mental control test, speed learning test, Vienna reaction test to analysis the qualitative measures of the cognitive domain (7).

Ginkgo Biloba as a Treatment for Dementia

The holistic function of the cognitive domain was assessed by performing this kind of test. The Toulouse-Pier on cancellation test was performed on patients to see the effect of maidenhair tree on the overall cognitive function of the patients. According to the opinion of some researchers, there was no specific difference between the Ginkgo Biloba and the placebo effect for a low or high dose of the extract (9). The qualitative study wanted to find a relation between the effectiveness of the maidenhair tree on cognitive domain impairment and dementia. The relationship between the placebo effect and the Ginkgo Biloba is also important because it is very important to know the reason of cure is due to the placebo effect or not. If the patient is not having faith in the drug then also it has the same effectiveness or not that is the question which can be answered by further research (3).

During the clinical trials for the qualitative research purpose, the documentation of the activities of daily living is very important for the overall research purpose. According to the researchers, the additional test is done to find out the out the additions are of the research. The test those were run to measure the whole effectiveness of the extract of the plant is Crichton Geriatric scale. In this scale, it measures the Activities of the daily living and analyzes and reports any improvement in the cognitive functioning of the dementia patient due to the use of the extract from the Gingko Biloba. The daily activities include normal daily function and memory and brain functioning of the patient (8). This scale is a comprehensive scale and is used to comprehend the functions very easily.

Another scale which is used to measure the daily activities of the patient is the progressive deterioration scale.  This scale mainly describes the deterioration of the patients daily activates with the comparison to the previous times. This scale helps to evaluate the deterioration of the daily activities on a negative scale. Another scale is present to evaluate the effects of the GinkGoBilbao on the daily activities which are known as the GBS-ADL subscore. It gives different scores for the six daily activities which need help from the cognitive domain. The holistic function of the cognitive domain is seen in this kind of activities (16).

According to current research, it is seen in the Crichton rating scale there are benefits of the use of Gingko Biloba compared to the placebo drugs. In a study of twelve weeks, it is clear that the Gingko Biloba has benefits over the placebo drugs. The Placebo drugs have more side effects than the maidenhair tree extract. If the Placebo drug and the Gingko Biloba are used together it is seen that the overall effect of the Gingko Biloba is reduced (11).

Effects of Cognitive Impairment on Daily Living Activities

On the contrary, another pool of researchers researched on the high dosage of Gingko Biloba for twelve weeks with the placebo effect and then seen that there was no significant difference between the mood and emotional functions of the patient. No significant improvement was observed (14).

Neuropsychiatric symptoms are one of the key symptoms of dementia that is the result of the constant decline of cognitive. The neuropsychiatric symptoms are measured by the parameter of the depression level. However, the cognitive parameters cannot be measured with the effects of anti-depression. Thus, dementia patient has preoccupied neurodegenerative symptoms. Here, the effectiveness of the ginkgo biloba can be found by evaluating the cognitive complaint of the patient (18). A recent study has disclosed the fact that EGb761 is used to identify the neurodegenerative symptoms of dementia. Several trials have been implemented for the treatment of dementia that is randomly used to standardize the Ginkgo biloba. The trials include placebo-controlled trial, parallel group trial, and double-blind trial. However, among gingko ranks superior to all these trials and renowned as the best herbal product for the betterment of dementia. The placebo and the other group members use to score from -6.5 to -3.2 while gingko scores 2.4 to 0. This comparison is significant in terms of International Classification of Diseases (ICD).

Patients generally suffer from dementia due to the aging problem and that leads to the decline of memory power and impairment of cognitive. This leads to a change of behavior, cognition function and an assessment of change from a global perspective. Thus, the effectiveness of both placebo treatment and EGb761 can be located from their ability to nullify the risks of dementia.  Egb761 experiences more adverse events than the placebo group and helps to decrease the dizziness, tinnitus, headache and angina pectoris (15).  

As earlier mentioned, that there are no such differences between the ginkgo and the placebo. After the study, it is seen by researcher and the physician that the quality of life can be assessed within the 24 weeks using the extracts of the ginkgo biloba. During the three studies, the quality of life has been assessed. To detect the quality of life, the scale of QOL-AD has been used as the parameter of the primary outcome. The two studies show no differences between the ginkgo biloba and the placebo (2). But it is seen in the study of the significant increasing of the improvement of the quality of life with the using of the ginkgo biloba comparing to the placebo. But on the other hand, it is observed by the physician that the improvement of the proxy scale of the DEMQOL 3.3 points which is much ahead of the placebo scale point.

Placebo Trials and Comparison with Ginkgo Biloba

There is the severe rate of side effects of using gingko biloba groups during the treatment of dementia. The irregular consumption of gingko biloba has the side effects ranging from 1% to 6%. The side effects of gingko biloba are nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, stomachache, vomiting, and restlessness. Moreover, over consumption of gingko biloba can result in internal bleeding and disorder in blood circulation. Moreover, gingko biloba has the monoamine oxide that reduces the effectiveness of the physical ability and contains allergic symptoms. Thus, the dementia patients must be careful while taking gingko biloba due to its side effects. It must be taken as per the instruction of the medical care provider (5). Moreover, aftercare advice of the doctor must be maintained accordingly for a risk-free result.  

The response of the study of the ginkgo biloba is positive in terms of the sensitivity of the analysis. There is the improvement of the SKT or the sores of the ADAS –Cog. The study shows the safety and the efficacy of a daily formation of the extract of the ginkgo biloba in dementia. The control trial of the study shows the effectiveness of the ginkgo biloba. During the study, the controlled trial showed the improvement in the scale of the clinical global impression. After the publication of the study, the physician decides not to publish the response rate of the outcome of the study (10). Among the participants, the ginkgo biloba is allowed to be taken by the participants up to the two weeks. During the study, the most of the parameters of the outcome does not show the baseline scores of but shows the differences between the point of the scale of the placebo and the ginkgo biloba. The last trial of the ginkgo biloba shows the no differences between the ginkgo biloba and the placebo. Most of the participants reveal the no sign(17).

According to the literature reviews and the research done on the background information of the use of Gingko Biloba the maidenhair tree, it is not absolutely about its effect on the cognitive domain. There are some variables on which the holistic research depends. The impairment of the cognitive domain and problem of dementia is both the physiological and psychological problem. It is stated in some research that it has a positive effect on the dementia patient and on the patient with cognitive impairment (12). The variables of the qualitative study are the dosage and the abstract parameters of the cognitive domain on which the overall study depends. In this research, the hypothesis that is taken should the positive effect of the Gingko Bilbao on the patients suffering from dementia and cognitive impairment. The previous literature suggests that there are some positive effects of the plants on the patients. In this study review of the qualitative research is done and according to the previous researches, the hypothesis is that the positive effect of the Gingko Balboa plants on the patients with cognitive impairment (13).

The aim of the research is to detect the strong effect in gingko biloba for curing dementia or cognitive decline. But the study of the gingko biloba shown not just the positive sign of the medicinal plant but also raises the controversy of the background of the increased burden of the individual. Apart from that, the positive sign of the gingko biloba is to cure most of the serious problem of the human being. There is particularly one reason behind the study of the gingko biloba is to bring out the remedies of the extreme disease or the disorder of the human being. However, the response of the study of the ginkgo biloba is mixed. Some of the participants show the positive sign of the gingko biloba while the other parts of the participants express the negative sign of the medicinal plant. But overall the medicinal plant gives the positive impact on the human being all over the world (19).

Conclusion

The study has discussed on the ghastliness of dementia and the treatment of dementia with the effective use of gingko biloba. Egb761 is the herbal product of gingko biloba that helps in the treatment of dementia. It affects the neurodegenerative syndromes. Moreover, it helps to manage the ultimate decline of cognitive. Gingko biloba works on the development of the cognitive impairment and reduces the risks of severe dementia. Placebo is also an important factor that mitigates the risks of dementia. However, the effectiveness of gingko biloba works more than placebo (20). There are several risks factors regarding the irregular use and over the use of gingko biloba. Irregular consumptions can result in nausea, dizziness, headache, and stomach ache. The overuse of gingko biloba results in allergic symptoms, internal bleeding, and disorder in blood circulation.  

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