Literature Review

In the current scenario, the market has been changed and the female entrepreneurs have also come up in the market and the female representative ratio has been improved in the society. Gender diversity is one of the major concerns and it is normally related to the human talent and the economical resources of the business. However, tit has been found that the gender diverse organizations impose positive effect on the organization as well as the society.

In terms of the empowerment, it is multi dimension process which helps the women to achieve the control and power through managing the market, business and the individual lives. However estimation of women empowerment is troublesome and it is trying to pass judgment on nation level execution as there is trouble in social affair different information. In view of the discoveries of, Women’s Empowerment:

Measuring Gender Gap, five imperative measurements have been chosen for the examination over the empowerment of women. Financial investment alludes to commitment of females to workforce in quantitative terms. Monetary open door is identified with how many women are engaged with the economy, past their negligible nearness as specialists (Bashir, 2013). This issue is amassed in created nations where women access business effectively yet they have little odds of upward versatility. Political strengthening implies that women have commitment in the basic leadership and can impact approach making.

Literature review:

It has been found that the culture of gulf counties and Asia are not developed and still it is quite difficult for women to work at a corporate. However, the current study of various researchers on the women empowerment depicts that the changes are rapidly taking place in the market. Al-Alawi, (2016) has added that setting up a fruitful business and working for yourself is the fantasy profession for some, however a mix of development, vision, association and believing your intuition is the thing that makes an effective business visionary.

Women in the gulf counties are driving enterprise into another time of improvement as more approached to transform their thoughts into triumphant plans of action. As per the UAE Ministry of Economy, women contribute about portion of the UAE’s SME area. The significance of a woman’s job in the public arena, governmental issues, training, and business has accumulated expanding acknowledgment lately.

Superior to most, women business visionaries comprehend the difficulties the contemporary female workforce confronts every day. In the Middle East, just 7.6 percent of women are beginning time business visionaries contrasted with 11.8 percent of men. In spite of the fact that there has been a steady increment in the quantity of women running organizations, women business visionaries still face significant hindrances on their way to progress (Alsebaie, 2015). Many, for instance, still battle to get to approach financing alternatives as their male partners. Right up ’til the present time, most men expect around 10 percent higher salary than their female associates.

There has additionally been a revealed absence of instructing openings and systems, with a minority of women in mentorship jobs in the advancement and enterprising space. It will require investment to address this gender differentiation; in this way it remains a basic test (Boehe and Cruz, 2013). That being stated, the UAE is making progress in this division and is positioned as a pioneer in gender correspondence in the locale, as per the “World Economic Forum’s 2014 Global Gender Gap report”.

Challenges faced by Women Entrepreneurs in Gulf and Asian Countries

It has been found that the UAE is one of the most developing nation with a solid economy in Asian market, so excelling in business can frequently be less demanding here than somewhere else on the planet. There are numerous open doors accessible to youthful ability with enterprising vision, and the SME scene has advanced to an express that makes beginning your own business much more available (Findlow, 2013).

With collaborating spaces accessible over the emirates and access to both on the web and in-person independent ability, entrepreneurs never again need to stress over the issue of employing staff and leasing office space when they’re not exactly in the monetary position to do as such. The social advantages of developing women’ standings in the workforce are not to be underestimated (Bushati and Galvani, 2017). It has also been added that the struggle level of the women is also not lower in the UAE market as the culture of the country does not allow the women to come in the limelight and compete with the men.

The current report over the women empowerment has added that the women have started working from home or a small level in order to become independent and manage their expenses at their own level. The report on the gulf country has further added that the empowerment of women have been improved nowadays. Bruckmüller, Ryan, Haslam and Peters, (2013) has also argued in his study that the GCC are fast approaching gender equality in business, start up intention and possibly resulting in greater parity in the entrepreneurship’s next wave.

High unemployment rate, limited access of the finances, social constraint, work life balance striking, inadequate access and training to information, inadequate training, lack of the female entrepreneurship policies etc are among the few reasons because of that the women empowerment level is still lower in the country (Freshwater, 2012). It has been said by few of female entrepreneurs in an interview that few efforts have been recently made by the government in order to improve the level of women and some controls and power have been given to the women entrepreneurs in the market to improve their lifestyle and work balance.

Various challenges have been faced by women entrepreneur in the market because of the political factors, cultures, masculinity etc. But along with the time, various positive changes have been seen in the performance and the number of women empowerment. Eslen-Ziya, (2013) has explained into the report that the women empowerment has been improved by 32% in 2015 which is a great number and explains that the market has been changed.

Harnessing the women entrepreneurs well for everybody; it would make the populace more extravagant, more beneficial and would reduce the level of gender diversity in the market. The inquiry is what would we be able to do to help ladies in the Middle East start-up industry?

The initial step is for more ladies to perceive their very own potential as business people. Helping ladies progress toward becoming business visionaries and representatives doesn’t simply enhance the lives of ladies — it changes the entire economy to be more beneficial, more focused and starts a wealthier society (Elstad and Ladegard, 2012). There are additionally a lot of alternatives for ladies business visionaries hoping to make their stamp. Prior this year, the production of the UAE Gender Balance Council was declared, which will help endeavours to develop and upgrade the job of ladies as key accomplices in building the eventual fate of the country. What’s more, there are different associations that have been extremely strong in empowering a cutting edge innovative soul, for example, Entrepreneurs’ Organization, The Female Network and Dubai Women’s Business Council.

Strategies for Empowering Women in Business

Ladies’ business is an unexploited wellspring of monetary development in all parts of the world. In the previous a while, few unique ladies business visionaries in the UAE has been studied, every one of whom have roused on a few dimensions. There is one thing which has been believed by everyone that it is not possible for a person to woke up some day and instantly become the entrepreneur, it takes a lot of time to people to understand the market and become the entrepreneur (Mamoon and Murshed, 2013).

For most, the fantasy to work for you develops after some time, years even, before it at last happens as expected. When a person passes the underlying trepidation and impediments, the expectation to absorb information frequently pushes most to the edge of disappointment.

Rather than surrendering, let your longing to fabricate, make and figure out how to suppress fear. Build up a profound feeling of enthusiasm for inspiring and teaching yourself to achieve more prominent statures in business. Some of the women have started the business as part time job but along with the time, they have developed it as a full time business and become one of the successful entrepreneurs.

The main feature of women to manage the small entrepreneurs is to experience the market and measure all the aspects of the business which could negatively impact over the performance of the business (Nagy, 2013). Investment of capital is also one of the major aspects of entrepreneurship which should be kept in the mind while starting a business.

However estimation of ladies strengthening is troublesome and it is trying to pass judgment on nation level execution as there is trouble in social event assorted information. In view of the discoveries of, Women’s Empowerment: Measuring Gender Gap, five critical measurements have been chosen for the examination of ladies strengthening. Financial interest alludes to commitment of females to workforce in quantitative terms. Financial open door is identified with how much ladies are engaged with the economy, past their unimportant nearness as labourers (Nekhili and Gatfaoui, 2013).

This issue is gathered in created nations where ladies access business effortlessly however they have little odds of upward versatility. Political strengthening implies ladies have commitment in the basic leadership and can impact arrangement making. Instructive accomplishment is imperative as ladies can get indistinguishable open doors from men do and it tends to be a major advance for improvement reason. Wellbeing and prosperity is related with how much females approach adequate sustenance, social insurance and regenerative offices. It is extremely hard to gauge each measurement in every nation and to actualize approach as every nation has numerous different components affecting its ladies strengthening (Mulcahy and Linehan, 2014).

The GEM quantitatively measures the freedom of ladies on a nation level. This pointer includes the offer of imbalance responsible for earned financial assets, inclusion in administrative basic leadership and monetary basic leadership. This variable measure how much a power lady holds (Lückerath-Rovers, 2013).

Drawing upon Women’s Empowerment: Measuring Gender Gap, a write about Taking activity: accomplishing sexual orientation fairness and engaging ladies, steps forward and explains further more on that there are three principle spaces. Capacities space which alludes to essential human capacities as estimated by training, wellbeing, and sustenance in addition to access to assets and openings area, which alludes basically to fairness in the chance to utilize or apply fundamental abilities through access to financial resources lastly security space (Nakhleh, 2014). These three areas are interconnected, and modification in all of three is noteworthy in achieving Goal 3.

Current State of Women’s Entrepreneurship in the Region

Critical analysis:

In order to achieve the understanding about the women empowerment, an interview has been conducted with a woman to identify the level of empowerment. Below is the result of the questionnaire. On the basis of the interview with a women entrepreneur, it has been found that there are various difficulties in the market which would be faced by the women in order to start and run their own business. The questionnaire has been given in the appendix. The result of the questionnaire is as follows:

1. What is your business?

• Conventional shop: Clothing, furniture, shoes, Books and electronic products 

1. Have you faced any issues while start up your enterprise?

• Yes 

1. What are the main factors because of that you had to face the difficulties?

• Political
• Environmental factor
• Social constraints

1. In which of the geographical region does your business fall?

• Nationally: in various gulf locations

1. Do you think current performance of your business is better?

• Yes

1. What are the requirements for starting the business?

• Employees engagement
• government policies
• Political factors
• Changes in the culture
• Flexible

1. How long ago have you been started your business?
   • 3-5 years ago

1. How do you manage your business?

• Through your own 

1. Which of the key benefits for being your own boss?

• Reduced control
• Increases efficiencies and manpower
• Easy to manage everything
• make your own decisions
• To work faster
• To standardize business processes
• Entrance excess 

1. What are the challenges to manage and run the business?

• Heavy cultural control
• Restriction
• Taking it too long to travel from one place to another
• Increase in the cost
• stock management
• Reduced sales

The studied depicts that there are major issues which have been affected by the business entrepreneurs and which must be elicited from the market in order to improve the performance of the entrepreneurs in the market and manage the performance of the business. Various challenges have been faced by women entrepreneur in the market because of the political factors, cultures, masculinity etc. But along with the time, various positive changes have been seen in the performance and the number of women empowerment. It has been found that the women empowerment has been improved by 32% in 2015 which is a great number and explains that the market has been changed.

It has been found that the UAE is one of the most developing nation with a solid economy in Asian market, so excelling in business can frequently be less demanding here than somewhere else on the planet. There are numerous open doors accessible to youthful ability with enterprising vision, and the SME scene has advanced to an express that makes beginning your own business much more available.

Conclusion

On the basis of the study over the woe=men empowerment, it has been found that the number of women empowerment is continually improving in the market and it has managed the overall position of the women in the market as well. the study represents that the UAE is one of the most developing nation with a solid economy in Asian market, so excelling in business can frequently be less demanding here than somewhere else on the planet.

With collaborating spaces accessible over the emirates and access to both on the web and in-person independent ability, entrepreneurs never again need to stress over the issue of employing staff and leasing office space when they’re not exactly in the monetary position to do as such.

References:

Al-Alawi, A.I., 2016. Status of Bahraini women in the banking and financial sector: challenges and opportunities. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 17(4), pp.210-228.

Alsebaie, F.M.B., 2015. Women’s career advancement in the it field In the kingdom of Bahrain (Doctoral dissertation, Engineering Research Centre).

Bashir, M.S., 2013. Analysis of customer satisfaction with the Islamic banking sector: case of Brunei Darussalam. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 2(10), pp.38-50.

Boehe, D.M. and Cruz, L.B., 2013. Gender and microfinance performance: why does the institutional context matter?. World Development, 47, pp.121-135.

Bruckmüller, S., Ryan, M.K., Haslam, S.A. and Peters, K., 2013. Ceilings, Cliffs, and Labyrinths: Exploring Metaphors for workplace Gender Discrimination. The SAGE handbook of gender and psychology, p.450.

Bushati, B. and Galvani, A., 2017. Images of gender among western and eastern perspective: the case of Bahrain. European Journal of Geography, 8(3), pp.126-137.

Elstad, B. and Ladegard, G., 2012. Women on corporate boards: key influencers or tokens?. Journal of Management & Governance, 16(4), pp.595-615.

Eslen-Ziya, H., 2013. Social media and Turkish feminism: New resources for social activism. Feminist Media Studies, 13(5), pp.860-870.

Findlow, S., 2013. Higher education and feminism in the Arab Gulf. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 34(1), pp.112-131.

Freshwater, D. 2012. “Reading mixed methods research: contexts for criticism”, Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), pp. 134-46.

Lückerath-Rovers, M., 2013. Women on boards and firm performance. Journal of Management & Governance, 17(2), pp.491-509.

Mamoon, D. and Murshed, S.M., 2013. Education bias of trade liberalization and wage inequality in developing countries. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 22(4), pp.572-604.

Mulcahy, M. and Linehan, C., 2014. Females and precarious board positions: Further evidence of the glass cliff. British Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.425-438.

Nagy, S., 2013. Bahraini and NonBahraini Women in Bahrain’s Workforce. Gender, Work and Nationality. Arabian Humanities. Revue internationale d’archéologie et de sciences sociales sur la péninsule Arabique/International Journal of Archaeology and Social Sciences in the Arabian Peninsula, (1).

Nakhleh, E., 2014. Sectarian Gulf: Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the Arab Spring That Wasn’t.

Nekhili, M. and Gatfaoui, H., 2013. Are demographic attributes and firm characteristics drivers of gender diversity? Investigating women’s positions on French boards of directors. Journal of business ethics, 118(2), pp.227-249.