Business Excellence and Quality Management

Business excellence is referred to a systematic usage of quality management principles and tools aim of which is to improve performance based on the principles of consumer orientation, process management as well as stakeholder valuation and management. The crucial aspect of business excellence is focused on the functional areas within an organization that includes continuous breakthrough improvements as well as preventive, fact-based management (Calvo-Mora et al. 2015).  Business excellence incorporates exceptional applications associated with both managing an institution as well as achieving result based on concepts like leadership, strategic goals, value-creating processes and others.  In order to ensure effective business excellence, the third generation business framework is used as the basis of National business excellence and Quality award across Europe. The fourth generation framework for quality management is exclusively designed for UAE for the quality management for business excellence.  During the last decade, the total Quality Management and Business Excellence Model (BEMs) has been attracting business organizations across the world as an improvement strategy. The steady push from the government of UAE to encourage this trend in both public as well as private sector organizations through the development of national quality awards is another reason behind the implementation of BEM (Calvo-Mora et al. 2015). However, during the implementation of the 3^rd generation BEM several issues had been encountered. As a result of this the interest for implication the 4th generation framework has got reduced to a great extent. Moreover, since it has only been a year since the fourth generation framework has been implemented, both private as well as public organization of the United Arab Emirates are not able to obtain anything tangible to assess the effectiveness of the fourth generation framework.

Hence the significance of this proposal is to enhance the knowledge and awareness of both the public and private organizations of UAE about the efficiency of  4th Generation framework of business excellence. This research will be conducted to make the business organizations of UAE the benefits of the 4^th generation framework of business over the 3^rd generation framework so that more and more organization can develop the interest of implementing the same.  Along with that, through this study, the researcher will evaluate both the merits as well as demerits of the mentioned framework when it is implemented on business organizations.  Finally, the research paper will provide in-depth assessment which can b utilized to identify the scope of further development, evolution an upgrading of the BEM 4^th Generation.

Third Generation Framework of Business Excellence

The chief goal of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of fourth generation BEM in the United Arab Emirates. The chief objectives of the research are as follows:

1. To understand the benefits of the 4^thgeneration BEM over the 3^rd Generation BEM.
2. To understand the merits and demerits of the fourth generation BEM
3. To enhance the awareness of the business organizations of UAE about the benefits of the Fourth Generation BEM
4. Finally, to provide an in-depth assessment which can be utilized by the future researchers
5. Relevant literature

The worldwide momentum of marketing as well as consumer service competition has increased to a commendable level in the first few decades. In order to gain competitive advantages over their competitors as well a to survive in the global market, majority of the organizations located at UAE are being found to be adopting improvements in la the aspects of their activities. As per Suárezet al. (2017) Total Quality Management (TQM) has been recognized and regarded as a superior strategy that maintain improvement in the performance of the organization. Gómez et al. ( 2017) suggested that organization should implement management systems like TQM in order to achieve superiority in all aspects of business operation within the organization. He also stated that TQM should be regarded as a strategy whose principles as well as concepts are for any institution n any sector. However as per the opinion of Martins, Suárez et al. (2017), organizations should consider both cultural as well as contextual features of their environment before implementing Total Quality management in order to enhance their revenue. In a nutshell, the researcher stated that TQM implementation should be flexible enough to be applied in any situation.

According to Calvo-Mora, Domínguez and Criado ( 2018 )the quality management can be defined as a system of practices with the intention of enhancing the quality o performance within the organization. The definition of quality varies with respect to different time and business scenarios. When it comes to describing the quality of management . Escrig  and de Menezes (2016 )defines the same as the efficiency of the management when it comes to organizational issues like conflict within the organization and non-work friendly environment.  Heaton  (2016) argued that quality management also includes effective management of both inbound and outbound logistic and other managerial activities. He described quality in terms of conformance to needs, a concept which is commonly accepted in the manufacturing environment. The term is referred to the requirements to produce goods in order to serve the requirements of the market and hence assigning no role to the design aspect of the product. Gómez-López et al. (2017) on the other hand, has portrayed quality as a subject which n be achieved through the reduction of investment cost and enhancement in early revenue as well as the productivity and competitive advantage of an organization in the global market.  According to Bolboli and Reiche (2015) quality management is a philosophy where things are expected to be accomplished precisely, implemented effectively and finally measured to ensure the prevalence of an excellent level of performance. Myers and Montgomery  (2013) however, argued that quality management is all about developing, enhancing and maintaining the satisfaction of the consumers. The researchers stated that the reputation as well as the revenue of the business is highly dependent on the satisfaction level of the consumers. hence in order to enhance the quality of the business, the business institution of UAE should concentrate on enhancing the satisfaction of their target consumer.

Issues with the Third Generation Framework

Three prevails a widely share belief that BEM should consist of a set of quality principles as well as practices. From its origins as a theoretical approach to quality enhancement, TQM has become a practical and reliable framework used by EFQM, MBNQA and other award models. Within the pat decade, a good number of both private as well as public organizations have implemented BEM in order to enhance the managerial quality of the organization. According to the findings of the research conducted by Raharjo  and Eriksson (2017 ) total Quality management fits well within the concept of BEM when it comes to comprehensiveness and reliability.  Sallis (2014) defined the 4^th generation BEM as a special form of TQM model. The reason stated by the researcher behind this is  that the fourth generation Busies Excellence management model provide essential measures of organizational activities and identify the contributions of such activities to overall organizational performance.

• Comparison between the 3^rdGeneration BEM and the 4^th Generation BEM

Regardless of time and features o the mentioned model, there prevails common denominator amongst the two mentioned framework, that is the 3^rd Generation Framework as well as the 4rth Generation framework aims to enhance the quality awareness as well as the competitive position of the organizations in the global market. Thus both the models offers contiguous improvement initiative to retain their position as benchmark quality systems as well as the principles in the formulations of global quality models. While there are several advantages of the 3^rd generation framework of business excellence, several disadvantages have been pointed out. According to Eriksson et al. (2016) there is a scheme of award recognization in the 3^rd generation framework of business excellence which posses the risk of being too costly for Small and Medium enterprises (Escrig and de Menezes 2016). Along with that, there prevails no appropriate accreditation as well as marking for this model. As a result of this the mentioned model is not identifiable oe prominent to the stakeholders, service users, funders as well as consumers. Along with this, the mentioned framewook posses no concept of offering awards to the organization by this model which posses the potential to illustrate the winners o the networks and through internet (Aboelmaged and Hashem 2018).  Considering the fact that the basic purpose of development of the mentioned model is commercial sectors, the some of the principles of this EFQM model are not easily comprehendible by voluntary and social enterprises organizations. Additionally, very few example have been provided when it comes to usage of the model by the third sector organization.  In order to eradicate all these issues mentioned above, the 4rth generation framework of business excellence has been developed. According to Lasrado (2017) considering the fact that the chief aim of the 4^th generation business excellence system Is to upgrade the system of business work on innovation ad standard basis , the mentioned system will bring about better revenue and reputation for the organizations (Al Kabi, Hussain and Khan 2017).  The fourth generation framework for quality management is exclusively designed for UAE for the quality management for business excellence.  During the last decade, the total Quality Management and Business Excellence Model (BEMs) has been attracting business organizations across the world as an improvement strategy.

Fourth Generation Framework of Business Excellence

Considering the fact that through this research, the researcher will explore the effectiveness of the 4^th generation BEM, the research design that will be followed by the researcher for this research design includes the exploratory research design. The Exploratory research design is chiefly conducted when the research lacks enough past data and evidence for reference. This type of research design serves as a tool for initial research that provides a hypothetical idea of the research problem (Mackey and Gass 2015).  Exploratory research is flexible and provides the initial groundwork for future research. 

The research approach that will be followed for the study is inductive research approach. Research approach can be divided into three types namely deductive research approach, inductive research approach and abductive research approach (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). Considering the fact that the mentioned research does not posses any hypothesis or formulation and initiates with research questions and aims and objectives that need to be achieved during the research process, the inductive research approach will be followed.

The type of the research will be qualitative. Qualitative research is primarily exploratory research. This research methodology will be followed in order to gain an understanding of underlying opinions, reasons a well as motivation.

When it comes to research philosophy, the positivism philosophy will be followed by the researchers. The research philosophy of a research can be defined as the belief about the way in which data on a particular phenomenon should be gathered. According to the theory of positivism, the reality is stable and can be observed and described from the viewpoint of an object (Lewis 2015). The mentioned research philosophy will allow the researcher to predict the effectiveness of the 4^th generation BEM on the basis of the previously observed realities.  

In order to conduct the research, secondary data will be collected. Considering the fact that the 4rth Generation Framework has only been implemented by 1 year, it is tough to obtain primary data based on the research topic.  As the source of secondary data, 20 scholarly literatures relevant to the research issue will be selected. The data analysis method that will be followed by the researcher includes Qualitative data analysis. The qualitative data analysis method can be defined as the range of processes and procedures that has been collected from some source of explanation. With the help of the qualitative data analysis method the researcher will be able to gain an in-depth understanding of the research issue and possible solution for the research. 

Research Significance and Objectives

Ethical consideration in a research is highly crucial since it enhances the authenticity as well as trustworthiness of the research. While conducting the research the following ethical consideration will be followed by the researcher:

1. All the journals that will be selected as the source of secondary data collection should be peer reviewed scholarly articles so that the authenticity and the feasibility of the research can be maintained (Flick 2015).
2. The information that will be provided through the study will be dynamic and non-linear. Not only that , the research paper will have multiple perspective in order to ensure the trust worthiness and efficiently of the research.
3. Finally, the research will abide by the copyright rules and regulations and will confirm that the information that has been collected for the research is not being used fr any other purpose.
4. 8. Assumed Outcomes

The assumed outcome of the research paper is that  the 4rth generation BEM is much efficient than that of the 3^rd generation BEM. The features of the 4^th generation BEM pose the potential to enhance the efficiency of the business organization in Arab. Considering the fact that the chief aim of the 4^th generation business excellence system Is to upgrade the system of business work on innovation ad standard basis , the mentioned system will bring about better revenue and reputation for the organizations. Since, currently, the major issue of majority of Private and public organization in Arab is the lack of appropriate organizational structure and leadership, the mentioned business management framework will be able to focus on the problem areas and eradicate the same. Thus the organizations will be able to evidence an enhancement in the revenue after implementation of 4^th Generation BEM.

Since the concept of the research topic that is the 4^th Generation business framework is new and lacks adequate research and awareness, only relevant literatures will be reviewed. Considering the fact that the research will be conducted based on only the secondary data collection that is relevant literature,  one of the limitation of the research paper will be lack of adequate data sources. Hence in future, the researcher will be concentrate on collecting more evidences, primary as well as secondary in order to enhance the feasibility of the research. The research itself  will provide new information about the neglected area. The knowledge obtained from the mentioned research will be helpful for conducting further research on this topic.

	1st Wk	2nd Wk	3rd Wk	4th Wk	5th Wk	6th Wk	7th Wk	8th Wk	9th Wk	10th Wk	11th  Wk
Selection o the research topic
Setting up objectives
Developing research design
Secondary data collection
Reviewing literature
Selecting Method
Analyzing Data
Discussion of findings
Developing Conclusion
First Draft
Final Submission

Reference list

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